Politeness Strategies and Power Dynamics in Interactions Between Characters in Ama Ata Aidoo’s Anowa

Abstract

This study examines the portrayal of politeness strategies, specifically positive, negative, and off-record politeness, in Ama Ata Aidoo’s play, Anowa. The study aims to bridge the gap in existing literature by exploring how linguistic strategies are utilized to explore power dynamics, gender roles, and societal expectations within African communities depicted in the play. Through a qualitative analysis of selected excerpts, the study employs a thematic approach to identify instances of positive, negative, and off-record politeness employed by characters and the narrator. Findings reveal a complex relationship of politeness strategies, with characters employing various linguistic techniques to assert authority, reinforce traditional gender norms, and negotiate interpersonal relationships. Positive politeness strategies, such as expressions of camaraderie and solidarity, are often used to establish rapport and build connections between characters. Conversely, negative politeness strategies, characterized by deference and indirectness, are employed to mitigate threats to face and autonomy. Off-record politeness allows characters to convey their intentions indirectly, providing a means to explore sensitive topics or assert power subtly. The study emphasises the importance of linguistic strategies in shaping interpersonal interactions and social hierarchies within the cultural context depicted in Anowa, shedding light on power dynamics and gender relations in postcolonial African society.