Economic-Induced Migration as a Security Threat to Regional Stability: The Case of Zimbabweans Migrating to South Africa

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to understand economic-induced migration as a security threat to regional stability, with reference to Zimbabweans migrating to South Africa. The research employed qualitative research methodology, and a case study research design. Primary data was obtained from key informants, and secondary data from peer-reviewed articles, newspapers, and books. The results indicated that the causes of economic migration are economic hardships, unemployment, extreme poverty, and seeking better living conditions exacerbated by the nose-diving economy. The effects of economic migration on regional stability indicated that the hostility between the South Africans and the Zimbabwean immigrants was fueled by the scarcity of resources leading to harsh reactions such as xenophobia, discrimination, organized crimes, human exploitation, and human insecurity hindering Southern Africa’s longstanding vision to have a united, peaceful and regional integration. The study concluded that there is a need for the sensitization of both the host and the migrants on the importance of coexisting peacefully; Zimbabwe needs to make economic reforms that attract potential investors and rebuild the collapsing economy. Therefore the study recommends that there is a need for the Government of Zimbabwe to revive its economy to curb economic migration.