Does Jordan Seem Stable? A Century Since An Establishment
Abstract
This paper attempts to address the question of Jordan’s stability. The country, considered an ally to the United States, is suffering huge challenges economically, politically, and socially. The economy of Jordan is facing huge drawbacks and is unable to achieve positive change in the lives of the Jordanians. The underlying issue is that the economy is affected by other aspects; this leads to political challenges in the country. In addition, Jordanians have lost trust in their governments due to numerous unfavorable experiences that have taken place over the years. Furthermore, situations in the region are negatively affecting Jordan. This paper argues that the stability in Jordan is fragile, and the only way for the country to be strong and stable is through political reforms.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Alahmad, K. (2019). “Deal of the Century” threat to Jordan: Analysts. Retrieved from https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/deal-of-the-century-threat-to-jordan-analysts/1506112
Al-Fawwaz, A., et al (2017). The political history of the Jordanian Syrian relation within the Israeli Arabic conflict 1967-1973.
Alon, Y. (2005). The tribal system in the face of the state-formation process: Mandatory transjordan, 1921-1946. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 37(2), 213-240. Cambridge University Press.
Bani Salamah, M. (2017). Political Reform in Jordan: Reality and Aspiriations. World Affairs, 180(4), 47-78
Barakat, S. (2014). Jordan on the Edge: A broader strategy for security. Brookings Press. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/ar/opinions/jordan-on-the-edge-a-broader-strategy-for-security-2/
Barari, H. (2014). Jordan and Israel: A troubled relationship in a volatile region (pp.31-47). Friedrich-Ebert Stiftung.
CIA Report, the world factbook. (2021). Population of Jordan. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/jordan/#people-and-society.
Freedom House. (2021). Freedom in the World 2021, Retrieved from https://freedomhouse.org/country/jordan/freedom-world/2021#CL
Hahn, P. (2006). Securing the Middle East: The Eisenhower doctrine of 1957. Presidential Studies Quarterly, 36(1), 38-47.
Hiltermann, J. (2016). Jordan: How close to danger?, International Crisis Group. Retrieved from https://www.crisisgroup.org/middle-east-north-africa/eastern-mediterranean/jordan/jordan-how-close-danger.
Human Rights Watch (2010). Palestinian-Origin Jordanians Deprived of their Nationality. Retrieved from https://www.hrw.org/report/2010/02/01/stateless-again/palestinian-origin-jordanians-deprived-their-nationality.
Interview with His Majesty King Abdullah (2009). Retrieved from https://kingabdullah.jo/en/interviews/interview-his-majesty-king-abdullah-ii-34
Newspaper Report, (2020). Jordanian vote highlights tribal factor, political parties weaknesses. The Arab Weekly. Retrieved from https://thearabweekly.com/jordanian-vote-highlights-tribal-factor-political-parties-weaknesses
OECD (2020). Key issues affecting youth in Jordan. The Organization for Economic and Development (OECD). Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/countries/jordan/youth-issues-jordan.htm.
Oren, M. (1990). A winter of discontent: Britain’s crisis in Jordan. December 1995-March 1956. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 22(2), 171-184. Cambridge University Press.
Report, (2020). What is GDP per Capita?. Focus economic (Economic forecasts from the world’s leading economics). Retrieved from https://www.focus-economics.com/economic-indicator/gdp-per-capita
Report, (2021). Public survey. Center for Strategic Studies, Jordan University. http://jcss.org/ShowNewsAr.aspx?NewsId=879.
Riedel, B. (2019). 25 years on, Remembering the path to peace for Jordan and Israel. Brookings Press. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2019/10/23/25-years-on-remembering-the-path-to-peace-for-jordan-and-israel/.
Robins, P. (2004). A history of Jordan (pp.5-22). London: Cambridge University Press.
Robinson, G. (1998). Defensive democratization in Jordan. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 30(3), 387-410. Cambridge University Press.
Roser, M. (2021). What Is economic growth? And why is it so important? Our world in data. Retrieved from https://ourworldindata.org/what-is-economic-growth
Ryan, C. (2018). Jordan and the Arab Uprisings: Regime Survival and Politics Beyond the State. Columbia Studies in Middle East Politics (pp.19-30). Columbia University Press.
Schenker, D. (2017). Taxing times in Jordan, policy analysis. Washington Institute. Retrieved from https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/taxing-times-jordan.
SIPRI, (2020). Military expenditure database. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Retrieved from https://www.sipri.org/databases/milex.
The World Bank Data (2019). Retrieved from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator.
Transparency International Report (2020). The global coalition against corruption. Retrieved from https://www.transparency.org/en/countries/jordan.
Treaty of peace between Jordan and Israel. (1994). Retrieved from https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/IL%20JO_941026_PeaceTreatyIsraelJordan.pdf
Van Hear, N. (1995). The impact of the involuntary mass ‘return’ to Jordan in the wake of the gulf crisis. The International Migration Review, 29(2), 352-374.
World Bank Blog (2021). New World Bank country classifications by income level: 2020-2021. Retrieved from https://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/new-world-bank-country-classifications-income-level-2020-2021
Young, W. (2014). Spillover from the conflict in Syria: An assessment of the factors that aid and impede spread of violence, chapter 4 (Spillover of the Syrian Conflict into Jordan) (pp.47-56). Rand Corporation. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7249/j.ctt1287mhx.13?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/12246
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2021 Canadian Social Science
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Reminder
- How to do online submission to another Journal?
- If you have already registered in Journal A, then how can you submit another article to Journal B? It takes two steps to make it happen:
1. Register yourself in Journal B as an Author
- Find the journal you want to submit to in CATEGORIES, click on “VIEW JOURNAL”, “Online Submissions”, “GO TO LOGIN” and “Edit My Profile”. Check “Author” on the “Edit Profile” page, then “Save”.
2. Submission
Online Submission: http://cscanada.org/index.php/css/submission/wizard
- Go to “User Home”, and click on “Author” under the name of Journal B. You may start a New Submission by clicking on “CLICK HERE”.
- We only use four mailboxes as follows to deal with issues about paper acceptance, payment and submission of electronic versions of our journals to databases: caooc@hotmail.com; office@cscanada.net; ccc@cscanada.net; ccc@cscanada.org
Articles published in Canadian Social Science are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY).
Canadian Social Science Editorial Office
Address: 1020 Bouvier Street, Suite 400, Quebec City, Quebec, G2K 0K9, Canada.
Telephone: 1-514-558 6138
Website: Http://www.cscanada.net; Http://www.cscanada.org
E-mail:caooc@hotmail.com; office@cscanada.net
Copyright © Canadian Academy of Oriental and Occidental Culture